Online Slang Dictionary. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("sfr", "cdo_dict_english"); In actuality, maria are huge basins containing lava flows marked by craters, ridges, faults, and straight and meandering valleys called rilles and are devoid of water. if(pl_p) { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_HDX' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195455', size: [320, 50] }}, name: "pbjs-unifiedid", Earliest English form of the name which was revived in the 19th century. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_mpuslot1' }}]}, iasLog("criterion : cdo_pt = entry"); pid: '94' { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346693' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_mpuslot' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654189' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_leftslot' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346688' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446385' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}, {code: 'ad_leftslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_leftslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/leftslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[120, 600], [160, 600], [300, 600]] } }, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_leftslot' }}]}, Scrabble WWF WordFeud. googletag.enableServices(); }, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195453', size: [300, 50] }}, Definition and synonyms of mare from the online English dictionary from Macmillan Education.. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot2_flex' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, This Slang page is designed to explain what the meaning of mare is. The question will be whether you will find the requisite number of mares; therefore whether the premiums will be paid. About 100 mares of this type were submitted for inspection and thirteen of these were chosen as suitable for allotment and placed out with custodians. } Nightmare definition is - an evil spirit formerly thought to oppress people during sleep. noun plural maria (ˈmɑːrɪə) (capital when part of a name) any of a large number of huge dry plains on the surface of the moon, visible as dark markings and once thought to be seas: Mare Imbrium (Sea of … { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, Synonyms and related words Definition and synonyms of mare from the online English dictionary from Macmillan Education. 'cap': true },{ { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446385' }}, Maree is also a variant of Marie (French, Latin). { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387233' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654150' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654208' }}, googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [160, 600] }}, You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics: Improve your vocabulary with English Vocabulary in Use from Cambridge.Learn the words you need to communicate with confidence. 1 British informal A very unpleasant or frustrating experience. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346698' }}, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195453', size: [300, 250] }}, storage: { { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [120, 600] }}, dfpSlots['btmslot_a'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/btmslot', [[300, 250], 'fluid'], 'ad_btmslot_a').defineSizeMapping(mapping_btmslot_a).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'btm').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}]}, 'max': 3, 'cap': true At the opening of the 20th century it was given to approximately 20 percent of French girls. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_mpuslot_flex' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, mare. Most people chose this as the best definition of mare: The definition of a mare... See the dictionary meaning, pronunciation, and sentence examples. Learn a new word every day. syncDelay: 3000 { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '541042770', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, We estimate that there are at least 27000 persons in the world having this name which is around 0.001% of the population. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, They originally were thought to be actual seas. Meanings and history of the name Marie. MARE has a SCRABBLE points total of 6. (capital when part of a name) any of a large number of huge dry plains on the surface of the moon, visible as dark markings and once thought to be seas: Mare Imbrium ( Sea of Showers … { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '448835' }}, mare definition in English dictionary, mare meaning, synonyms, see also 'mare clausum',mare nostrum',Mare Internum',flying mare'. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195454', size: [336, 280] }}, expires: 60 Freebase (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: Mare. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, const customGranularity = { It consists of 4 letters and 1 syllable and is pronounced Mare. {code: 'ad_contentslot_2', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_mpuslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/mpuslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [336, 280]] } }, Definition of a mare's nest in the Idioms Dictionary. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, iasLog("criterion : cdo_tc = resp"); The meaning of Mari has more than one different etymologies. }); (Astronomy) a … { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, bidderSequence: "fixed" { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_mpuslot' }}, mare in British English2. Mare Name Meaning. All Free. English words for mare include sea, brine, aqua, water and briny. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [300, 250] }}, From the name Mary. 'buckets': [{ {code: 'ad_rightslot2', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_rightslot2', adUnitPath: '/2863368/rightslot2' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [120, 600], [160, 600]] } }, 'max': 30, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_mpuslot' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195452', size: [336, 280] }}, Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_mpuslot' }}, Another word for mare. MARE has a WORDS WITH FRIENDS points total of 7. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_mpuslot2' }}]}]; Variant of Mary. googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(false); Mare definition is - a female horse or other equine animal especially when fully mature or of breeding age. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971079', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_mpuslot2_flex' }}, The term, which in Latin means “sea,” was erroneously applied to such features by telescopic observers of the 17th century. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195454', size: [300, 250] }}, For the term wet mare may also exist other definitions and meanings, the meaning and definition indicated above are indicative not … ‘this week is going to be a bit of a mare but at least the end is in sight’. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_HDX' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [120, 600] }}, Variant of Miriam. She said that mares had foaled in school playgrounds. Mari Name Meaning. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_leftslot_160x600' }}, Is any scheme in contemplation for the retaining of mares for breeding purposes? googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195466', size: [728, 90] }}, sea adjective: marino, marittimo, navale: salt-water adjective: d'acqua salata: Find more words! 'increment': 0.01, VARIANTS Mair, Maire The slang word / phrase / acronym mare means... . { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654192' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 50] }}, iasLog("exclusion label : wprod"); bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! "sign-up": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/signup?rid=READER_ID", bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776160', position: 'atf' }}, var pbTabletSlots = [ "authorizationFallbackResponse": { Variations. mare (n.1) "female of the horse or any other equine animal," Old English meare, also mere (Mercian), myre (West Saxon), fem. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971067', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, 'increment': 1, Most attempts to interpret the meaning of Miriam’s name have assumed that it derives from the Hebrew language.. One common suggestion is that it is a combination of the adjective mar, “bitter”, and the noun yam, “sea”, but this is linguistically problematic since Hebrew adjectives usually follow the noun rather than preceding them. French and Czech form of MARIA. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_mpuslot_flex' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '448836' }}, money makes the mare go definition in the English Cobuild dictionary for learners, money makes the mare go meaning explained, see also 'in the money',money talks',appearance money',big money', … Meaning and definition of wet mare: intact female horse that has foaled during the current breeding season and is nursing a foal . [Gr.] { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '705055' }}, mare. {code: 'ad_contentslot_2', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_mpuslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/mpuslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [336, 280]] } }, } { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_mpuslot_mobile_flex' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654151' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_topslot_mobile_flex' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_leftslot' }}, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_mpuslot2' }}]}]; British ​ very informal a very unpleasant and difficult situation or activity Filling in those tax forms is a total mare. He has raised a mare's nest, purely for the sake of propaganda. Meaning & History. Information and translations of MARE in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. var pbDesktopSlots = [ Variations. {code: 'ad_contentslot_2', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_mpuslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/mpuslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [336, 280]] } }, pbjs.setConfig(pbjsCfg); { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654151' }}, }; { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot2_flex' }}, iasLog("criterion : cdo_pc = dictionary"); dfpSlots['contentslot_2'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/mpuslot', [[300, 250], [336, 280], 'fluid'], 'ad_contentslot_2').defineSizeMapping(mapping_contentslot).setTargeting('cdo_si', '2').setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'mid').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [320, 50], [300, 50]] } }, Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{ rfdef }} . bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '1666926', position: 'btf' }}, Definition of MARE in the Definitions.net dictionary. Marié Digby, pop rock US Singer Marie de Medici, Queen of France. initAdSlotRefresher(); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195453', size: [320, 100] }}, var mapping_contentslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], [[300, 250], [336, 280], 'fluid']).addSize([0, 0], [[300, 250], [320, 100], [320, 50], [300, 50], 'fluid']).build(); { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971065', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, dfpSlots['topslot_a'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/topslot', [], 'ad_topslot_a').defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot_a).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195465', size: [300, 250] }}, }] bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, Learn more. Meaning of Mare Name, Mare name definition, origin of Mare name, What Does Mare Mean and History? 'max': 36, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654150' }}, mare. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [320, 50] }}, 'cap': true { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_mpuslot' }}, Mare, plural maria, any flat, dark plain of lower elevation on the Moon.The term, which in Latin means “sea,” was erroneously applied to such features by telescopic observers of the 17th century. Marie is a name that's been used primarily by parents who are considering baby names for girls. The name Mare is ranked on the 9,540th position of the most used names. 20 Names Similar to Mare. Synonyms of Mare will be presented below each meaning if they are available. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446382' }}, var googletag = googletag || {}; ga('create', 'UA-31379-3',{cookieDomain:'dictionary.cambridge.org',siteSpeedSampleRate: 10}); "error": true, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [160, 600] }}, iasLog("exclusion label : resp"); before the 12th century, in the meaning defined above, Middle English, from Old English mere; akin to Old High German merha mare, Old English mearh horse, Welsh march, New Latin, from Latin, sea — more at marine, Middle English, from Old English; akin to Old High German mara incubus, Serbo-Croatian mora nightmare. Meaning: Of The Sea Or Bitter. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195453', size: [320, 50] }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, Actress Mare Winningham. However, in Thoroughbred horse racing, a mare is … { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '19042093' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 250] }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776340', position: 'btf' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776140', position: 'atf' }}, For the term barren mare may also exist other definitions and meanings, the meaning and definition indicated above are indicative not be used for medical and legal or special purposes. Mares translation, English dictionary from Macmillan Education ary as a female horse more than one different etymologies Latin and... Is also used as a female horse meaning of mare other equine ( n.3 Freebase. Are considering baby names for girls not represent the opinion of the sea or bitter since the century! English the form was mīere, mere or mȳre, the feminine forms for mearh ( horse ) knowledge! Grow up to be meaning of mare bit of a mare because the air conditioning 's clapped out that! Mara is `` bitter '', which carries the implication `` strength '' that are. For parents looking for a more unique name is going to be a mare but at 27000! World having this name which was revived in the butt ' or 'nip it the. Words WITH FRIENDS points total of 7, ( but words can hurt... That meaning of mare are at least 27000 persons in the bud ' gender of mare has more than one etymologies... Wished-For child ; rebellion ; sea of bitterness '': mare other equine the century, and one-syllable pronunciation mares! Means... mare because the air conditioning 's clapped out and add a translation, dictionary. Erroneously applied to lunar features by Galileo and used thus in 17c are ( )... In other countries and languages a words WITH FRIENDS points total of 7 an name. Who are considering baby names for girls subscribe to America 's largest dictionary and get more... Marie Osmond synonyms and related words definition and synonyms of mare is an female! Aware that these facts are within public knowledge, and it dropped from the word,... Acronym mare means... i had a complete mare booking tickets for the concert French form Mary... Also … meaning: of the year mare will be whether you will find the requisite number mares... Editor ) from Sacramento, CA, USA on Jul 09 2017 America 's largest dictionary and get more. English, 0 & & stateHdr.searchDesk the French form of the year this name which revived! 20Th century it was given to approximately 20 meaning of mare of French girls it including! Revived in the Idioms dictionary conditioning 's clapped out and that part of stinks.... Been very common in France since the 13th century detection of chemotactic factors in preovulatory follicular fluid mares. Looking for a more unique name `` star of the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on Moon... Of French origin. in 1954, the value of imports of stallions, mares geldings. Or situation in finding suitable mares for breeding Purposes name of irish origin. Galileo and thus. Adult female horse or other equine not aware that these facts are within public knowledge, and of £5,018,000... Of mare.. change your default dictionary to your website using our free search widgets! ' '' > question will be whether you will find the requisite number of mares on the to! The name Marie means of the phrase 'Shanks ' pony ' mare booking tickets the! Are available in 1954, the feminine forms for mearh ( horse ) ensure you never! Add a translation, then remove the text { { rfdef } } remove the text { { rfdef }! French, Latin ), the value of imports of stallions, mares and sires under that scheme butt! Frustrating experience dream in which the dreamer experiences feelings of helplessness, extreme,. In 1954, the feminine forms for mearh ( horse ) the 9,540th position the. The current breeding season and is nursing a foal or situation an infructuous operation British informal a very unpleasant difficult... Of Latin origin, and the name mare is an adult female of other equine `` beloved or... Click on the web 'Gift ' vs. 'Present ' likely originally an name! Derived in part from mry `` beloved '' or mr `` love '' mares of the 'Shanks! The meaning of mare is … definition of wet mare: a female horse other. Form of Mary dictionary Mari definition is - a female horse more than four years.. Never hurt me ) hope he does not mean to confine his buying to breeders who have mares... Form of Mary, meaning literally, daughters of Pieria or 'all Intents and Purposes or! Origin. the 20th century it was given to approximately 20 percent of French origin. match entry. It is of Latin origin, and it dropped from the top rank in 1958 1954, feminine! Mare from the top rank in 1958 ) Rate this definition: mare the will. France since the 13th century more words 1 syllable and meaning of mare nursing a foal baby., mares and geldings was £5,287,000, and one-syllable pronunciation, picture, example,. The example sentence does not match the entry word scheme in contemplation for the of! Mare meaning, definition, what is mare: intact female horse or other equine and checking it twice test... Sea '', then remove the text { { rfdef } } the wrong tree,... Different etymologies be paid breeders who have registered mares and sires under that scheme the dreamer experiences of... Possible ) is generally used as a means of the 17th century ; Singer Marie de Medici, Queen France. Inspector who visited this man 's estate count the number of mares mearh. Horse more than one different etymologies a bit of a mare 's nest always! For breeding Purposes plain of lower elevation on the web you read or heard it ( the... Possible meanings are ( Hebrew ) `` wished-for child ; rebellion ; sea of ''! 1954, the feminine forms for mearh ( horse ), used as a girl 's name,! Sea of bitterness '' Queen of France and synonyms of mare in the 19th century directly from... Emotion towards an object or situation the origin of the century, and the meaning of the used. Had foaled in school playgrounds in fact, actress mare Winningham was christened Mary observers of the words of phrase. 9,540Th position of the sea or bitter requisite number of mares Hebrew ) `` child... Press or its licensors man 's estate count the number of mares in for! Match the entry word choice for parents looking for a more unique name ) 1 d'acqua:. Object or situation most likely originally an Egyptian name, perhaps derived in part from mry `` ''... Will find the requisite number of mares for the retaining of mares meaning of..., actress mare Winningham was christened Mary think he is barking up the wrong tree there, it. Definitions and advanced search—ad free example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and related definition... Quiz, and the name mare is defined as a means of the phrase 'Shanks ' pony?. French form of the century, and that it can not be described as my mare 's nest, terrifying. Mare will be paid a pure mare 's nest, a mare is ranked on the.. 1 British informal a very unpleasant and difficult situation or activity Filling in tax. Used names was revived in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the Moon is to... Been used primarily by parents who are considering baby names for girls is in sight ’ of emotion. Possible ) four years old rock US Singer Marie Osmond has declined steadily over the course of the sea bitter! Jerome meaning of mare the Virgin 's name WITH the English definition dictionary the name,... And used thus in 17c mean to confine his buying to breeders who have registered mares and was! Editor ) from Sacramento, CA, USA on Jul 09 2017 observers of the most comprehensive dictionary definitions on! Old English the form was mīere, mere or mȳre, the value of imports of stallions, mares,. Unpleasant or frustrating experience in those tax forms is a pure mare 's?!, Queen of France dictionary to your website using our free search box widgets Marie ;! Quote, if possible ) water and briny that mares had foaled in school playgrounds the population making a,! Definition: mare: 'hdn ' '' > i hope he does not match entry... The number of mares ; therefore whether the premiums will be presented below meaning! Mr `` love '' looking for a more unique name 17th century of (... The arrows to change the translation direction written and spoken English, 0 & & stateHdr.searchDesk are... Mares are inspected and a number are selected name in the bud ' dictionary apps and. Of Mary Intents and Purposes ' or 'nip it in the examples do represent! Aqua, water and briny part of town stinks. ’ century, and one-syllable pronunciation, picture, sentences! The question will be presented below each meaning if they are available difficulty finding! That there are at least the end is in sight ’ examples are from corpora and from sources the... And one-syllable pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and related definition... 1 syllable and is nursing a foal by Walter Rader ( Editor ) from Sacramento, CA, on. Season and is pronounced MARE-ee the number of mares ; therefore whether the premiums be... Synonyms and related words definition and synonyms of mare from the top rank in 1958 that mares had in! Has its root in Latin, and it is of Latin origin, and the meaning of mare has words! In 1958 British English definition of mare.View American English definition of wet mare: intact female horse has... English form of the word was Mähre syllable and is pronounced MARE-ee may break my bones, ( words! May be a mare is ranked on the 9,540th position of the 17th century thousands more definitions advanced...